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The endocrine system is primarily responsible for hormone production and regulation within the body. Hormones are chemical messengers secreted by various glands in this system, such as the pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal glands, and pancreas. Each of these glands produces specific hormones that are released into the bloodstream to regulate a variety of bodily functions, including metabolism, growth and development, mood, and reproductive processes.

This system works in tandem with the nervous system to maintain homeostasis, but the nervous system mainly deals with rapid signaling through neurons. The immune system focuses on defending the body against pathogens and does not produce hormones. The cardiovascular system is responsible for the transport of blood, oxygen, nutrients, and hormones throughout the body, but it does not produce them. Therefore, the correct identification of the endocrine system as the primary system responsible for hormone production highlights its crucial role in maintaining the body’s internal balance and responding to external changes.